The P in GLP-1 stands for peptide
The LOX precursor (50 kDa), secreted mainly by smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, is hydrolyzed into the catalytically active, matured form of LOX (30 kDa) and the non-catalytic active peptide (18 kDa) (2,3)
2021 above, was framed against it
Understanding what to expect during these transitions helps separate expected reactions from concerning ones
Niazi and Chatham list several common symptoms that occur when starting GLP-1s or with dose adjustments: Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea or constipation Heartburn or bloating Fatigue Dehydration Muscle loss Some patients may also experience hair thinning with higher doses for prolonged periods, especially when paired with low-calorie intake
Periodontitis-associated salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis and anxiety in mice via gut dysbiosis and found altered metabolism of histidine in the gut and brain (Qian et al., 2023)