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Lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in damaged tissues
Cooking and digestion often break down the glutathione found in food
Am J Vet Res 55:934943 Carretta MD, Hidalgo AI, Burgos J, Opazo L, Castro L, Hidalgo MA, Figueroa CD, Taubert A, Hermosilla C, Burgos RA (2016) Butyric acid stimulates bovine neutrophil functions and potentiates the effect of platelet activating factor
Skeletal muscle, ligament, and bone-defect models have produced comparable healing-rate findings, summarized in the 2021 wound-healing review (PMID 34267654) and the 2025 musculoskeletal narrative review (PMID 40789979)
Fresh plant tissue (0.5 g) was homogenized in 5 mL of 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min at 4C