Check homocysteine (should be under 9) and MCV (should be 80-92) instead to detect cellular deficiency, even when serum B12 appears normal
BPC-157 Investigations into Antioxidant Pathways Experimental research suggests that BPC-157 may reduce markers of oxidative stress, including nitric oxide and malondialdehyde

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In contrast, dietary B12 must be absorbed in the small intestine, which can be inefficient for those with digestive or absorption issues
Mojca Jensterle has received lecture honoraria from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Amgen, Novartis and Sanofi, and is an advisory board member of Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Amgen and Pfizer
Vitamin B supplementation can be needed in some cases, but injectable therapy should be based on confirmed deficiency or clinical need