Pelvic floor dysfunction, which affects how the muscles involved in bowel movements work, can also play a role
As the WL achieved with the novel obesity pharmacotherapies approaches that of bariatric surgery, we will need to assess whether long-term complications observed after bariatric surgery such as increased risk of osteoporosis, fractures, macro- and micronutrient deficiencies as well as self-harm behaviours will also be present with pharmacotherapy [112, 113]
doi: 10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1590530 Received 09 March 2025 Accepted 18 June 2025 Published 10 July 2025 Volume 6 - 2025 Edited by Angelo Maria Patti, University of Palermo, Italy Reviewed by Anapaula Sommer Vinagre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Jun Eguchi, Okayama University, Japan Updates Copyright 2025 Hammad, Zafar, Ullah, Faisal, Iftikhar, Waheed, Muzaffar, Ahmed, Ashraf, Zahid, Akhtar and Mahmmoud Fadelallah Eljack
Reduced expression of collagen VI alpha 3 (COL6A3) confers resistance to inflammation-induced MCP1 expression in adipocytes
However, more large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are required to verify the neuroprotective effects of metformin
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