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In contrast to -glutamylcysteine synthetase, glutathione synthetase accepts a large variety of glutamyl-modified analogs of -glutamylcysteine, but is much more specific for cysteine-modified analogs of -glutamylcysteine

Building on this initial imaging success, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) awarded a major grant for an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04542161) exploring much higher dosages of up to 3,600 mg/day of NAC