Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects: Investigate suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-) and enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other antioxidant pathways
Metabolomics studies focusing on starvation in echinoderms remain limited, but studies on the crown-of-thorn starfish have documented starvation-induced changes at the gene expression level, linked to glycolysis and the citrate cycle 49 and at the microbiome level, suggesting adaptions in microbial networks during starvation 50 , supporting similar responses of the current investigation, albeit at different levels of biological organization
Nature 461 , 788792 (2009)
M.OltvaiZ
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If circulation is limited, and the injury site is undernourished, cells cannot execute remodeling effectively