Certain groups are at higher risk, including older adults (due to reduced stomach acid production), individuals with pernicious anaemia (an autoimmune condition affecting B12 absorption), those who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery, and people with conditions such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease
Digestive enzymes and stomach acid can break down peptides before they are fully absorbed, which reduces the amount that reaches target tissues
I will never get elsewhere ever again
There is currently no evidence of other types of folate intake reducing NTD occurrence, but even with an MTHFR variant, increased folic acid intake benefits your unborn baby
Some people notice redness or swelling at the injection site, and some experience a mild or upset stomach
population does not get enough B12 in their diet